Leinonen Global https://leinonen.eu/ Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:00:25 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://leinonen.eu/app/uploads/2023/05/cropped-cropped-favicon-32x32.png Leinonen Global https://leinonen.eu/ 32 32 BALTIC TAX RATES FROM 1 JANUARY 2026 https://leinonen.eu/articles/baltic-tax-rates-2026/ Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:00:21 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=6009 Estonia Latvia Lithuania Corporate income tax (CIT) rate   CIT is payable upon  profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution).  CIT rate is 22%, calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment.  CIT is payable upon  profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution).  CIT rate is 20%, calculated as 20/80 from taxable net payment.  New optional regime for CIT […]

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EstoniaLatviaLithuania
Corporate income tax (CIT) rate  CIT is payable upon  profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution).  CIT rate is 22%, calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment. CIT is payable upon  profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution).  CIT rate is 20%, calculated as 20/80 from taxable net payment.  New optional regime for CIT payers: companies with only individual shareholders may opt for a 15% CIT and 6% PIT on dividends CIT is calculated as follows:
Total income – non-taxable income – allowed deductions – limited deductions = taxable profit.
Standard CIT rate is 17% – starting 2026 year tax period (starting 2025 it was 16%). 22% CIT rate is applicable to credit institutions (in 2025 year was 21%). 0% and 7% rates may be applied under certain conditions. 2
Withholding tax rates
Dividends 22% calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment.0% or 20%0% or 17%, reduced rates may be applied according to Double Treaty Taxation (DTT)
Interest  22% to residents or N/A for non-residents 0% or 20%0% or 10%
Royalties 22% to residents, 10% to non-residents or N/A, in case the exemption applies 0% or 20%0% or 10%
Management/  consulting fee 22%, exemption may be applied according to DTT 20%, exemption may be applied according to DTT N/A
Alienation of immovable property 22% 3% 17%
Rent/lease of real estate income 22% 5% 17%
Service fees payable to non-residents from non-cooperative tax jurisdictions 22% 20%Payments made by a Lithuanian company for services to foreign companies registered or otherwise organized in target territories are considered to be non-allowable deductions where the paying Lithuanian company does not supply to the local tax administrator evidence that: 1) such payments are related to the usual activities of the paying and receiving entity; 2) the receiving foreign entity controls the assets needed to perform such usual activities; 3) there is a link between the payment and the economically feasible operation.
Wage taxes
Minimum monthly salary EUR 886 EUR 780EUR 1153
PIT rates  22%; Monthly basic exemption – EUR 700.1    25,5% rate on annual income up to EUR 105,300;  33% rate on annual income exceeding  EUR 105,300 3% additional tax rate for income exceeding EUR 200 000 per year.20% rate on annual income that does not exceed 36 average wages;25% rate on annual income from 36 to 60 average wages;32% rate on annual income exceeds 60 average wages.  
Social security tax rates
Employee rate 1.6% unemployment insurance premium; 2% funded pension contribution (if the person has joined 2nd pillar and if higher 4% or 6% is not applied). 10.50% Employee’s social security contributions – 19,5%, Participation of employee in pension scheme (optional) – 3%.
Employer rate 33% social tax (the minimum monthly obligation for social tax is EUR 886, it means, for an employer, the minimum obligation for social tax is EUR 292,38 monthly); 0.8% unemployment insurance premium. 23.59% Permanent agreement – 1.77%;Temporary agreement -2.49 %.
Solidarity tax  N/A 33 % from income exceeding EUR 105,300 N/A 
Security Contributions  10% rate for non-life insurance contracts. Insurance companies operating in Lithuania will have to calculate and pay the tax. 3
Value added tax
Value added tax rates  24%, 13% (accommodation) and 9% (journal publications) 21%, 12% and 5% 0%, 5%, 12% and 21% 4
VAT registration thresholds EUR 40,000 EUR 50,000 EUR 45,000 
Annual EU distance selling threshold EUR 10,000 for the sales all around EU      
Intrastat reporting  
Arrivals not applicable  EUR 380 000EUR 600 000
Dispatches EUR 325 000 EUR 220 000 EUR 400 000

1 In Estonia, tax‑free income no longer depends on a person’s earnings and does not decrease as income increases.

2 Newly registered companies can apply 0% CIT rate not only in the first, but also in the second tax period (there is no longer a condition regarding the number of employees). 7% rate is applicable small entities if the units whose income for the tax period does not exceed EUR 300 000 and which do not meet the conditions according to Law on CIT Article 5, Part 3.

From 2025 according to article 30-2 of the Law on CIT the limitations will also be imposed on the deductibility of the purchase price and rental costs of cars. The new deduction regime will refer to the CO2 emissions of the car. Article 12(6) of the Law on CIT will also be repealed and the income of healthcare institutions for services financed by the PSDF will be classified as taxable income.

3 The exemption applies to contributions for compulsory drivers’ civil liability insurance contracts concluded with individuals for vehicles that are not used for economic activity.

4 The preferential 9% VAT rate for heating, firewood, hot water is abolished, and the preferential 9% VAT rate is increased to 12%: for accommodation services, passenger transport, visiting art and cultural institutions and events.

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Interview with Sigita Jackuniene – Head of Accounting at Leinonen Lithuania https://leinonen.eu/articles/interview-with-sigita-jackuniene/ Tue, 11 Nov 2025 07:44:13 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5933 At Leinonen Baltics, accounting is more than numbers — it’s about trust, precision, and insight that help businesses make confident decisions. Today, we are proud to introduce Sigita Jackuniene, Head of Accounting at Leinonen Lithuania. Sigita shares her career journey, thoughts on the future of accounting, and what makes working at Leinonen special. Can you […]

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At Leinonen Baltics, accounting is more than numbers — it’s about trust, precision, and insight that help businesses make confident decisions. Today, we are proud to introduce Sigita Jackuniene, Head of Accounting at Leinonen Lithuania. Sigita shares her career journey, thoughts on the future of accounting, and what makes working at Leinonen special.

Can you tell us about your career path and what led you to choose accounting as your profession?

I’ve always had a number-driven mindset — it runs in my family. My grandmother and mother both worked in finance roles, carefully ensuring that “balances would balance,” as they used to say. Watching them, I saw that accounting was not an easy profession, so at first, I didn’t plan to follow that path.

When Citco Group of Companies launched its first shared service center in Lithuania, my real accounting career began. Working with diverse international clients, being close to their business decisions, and having the ability to influence the numbers — that’s what truly drew me in. I still remember my very first client call to Luxembourg — I prepared for it emotionally and professionally for an entire day! Looking back, I’m proud of that moment and of how much I’ve grown since then.

How do you ensure high-quality results, stay motivated, and keep learning in such a detail-oriented field?

I enjoy teamwork because it means moving toward a shared goal and celebrating success together. Whether serving clients or collaborating internally, I see it as a partnership where everyone’s input matters. High-quality work is essential because it impacts the whole team.

Analytical thinking is important, but curiosity is key. It drives us to dig deeper, ask questions, and understand the “why” behind numbers. Combined with technical expertise, curiosity turns accounting into a tool for insight and impact.

I stay motivated by focusing on the bigger picture and remembering the value of my work. Clear goals help me stay structured, while preparation, double-checking, and reconciliation ensure accuracy. Teamwork also motivates me — knowing my work affects both clients and colleagues inspires me to give my best.

Learning doesn’t stop after school. I actively seek opportunities through training, certifications, and industry updates. Preparing and delivering trainings for colleagues has helped me grow professionally and personally.

How do you approach collaboration, handle conflicts, and what advice would you give to young professionals?

For me, collaboration is built on communication, trust, and respect. We can have different opinions, but what matters most is working toward a common result. Open dialogue and mutual understanding strengthen both the outcome and the team connection.

I value colleagues who show respect, openness, and a willingness to share knowledge — these qualities create an environment where everyone can grow. When conflicts arise, I approach them with curiosity. Hearing another perspective is valuable, and I don’t believe it’s necessary to always be right. If someone expresses concern, it means they care, and that matters most. Curiosity helps me stay calm and find the best solution together.

My advice to young professionals is to build a strong foundation. Take the profession seriously and learn as much as possible from senior colleagues — their experience is invaluable. At the same time, invest in independent learning. Being able to “read” the numbers means understanding the story behind them and the impact they have on decisions.

How will AI change accounting in the next 5–10 years, and what should businesses and accountants prepare for?

AI will automate many routine tasks like data entry, reconciliations, and reporting. I see this as an opportunity, not a threat. With AI handling repetitive work, accountants can focus on analysis, decision-making, and advising clients — areas where human judgment, ethics, and curiosity remain irreplaceable.

Strong accounting knowledge will still be key. AI can improve efficiency, but it cannot replace professional judgment or ethical thinking. Accountants who combine technical expertise with openness to new technologies will be best prepared. This shift will create new opportunities — moving from processing numbers to interpreting them and guiding business decisions.

Businesses should also prepare for greater transparency and digitalization in taxation and reporting. For example, the upcoming VIDA – VAT in the Digital Age initiative will change how VAT reporting and cross-border transactions are handled, introducing real-time data exchange and e-invoicing. Financial reporting trends point to shorter decision paths and faster close processes. Timely, accurate reporting builds trust and agility, supported by automation and clear workflows.

What makes Leinonen unique, what attracted you to join, and how do you see the company adapting to future changes?

I was drawn to Leinonen because of its Scandinavian approach — equality, respect, transparency, and a strong focus on work-life balance. This philosophy, combined with a culture of collaboration and continuous learning, keeps me motivated and proud to contribute.

Leinonen stands out because every employee has a voice in decision-making. The path to decisions is short — when we know, we act. This creates agility and trust. There’s also a strong sense of responsibility for the services we provide, with everything carefully checked and approved.

Working with international clients is another highlight. Many projects involve multiple countries, which broadens my perspective and deepens my understanding of business. Seeing how different cultures approach accounting keeps my work dynamic and helps me grow.

Looking ahead, I believe Leinonen is well-prepared for industry changes. We stay alert to market trends, participate in professional discussions, and embrace digital innovations. For me, change means progress — finding new ways to serve clients better. With our strong professional base and collaborative culture, I’m confident Leinonen will continue to evolve successfully.

How do you balance work and life, what inspires you, and what advice would you give to your younger self?

I don’t expect every day to be perfectly balanced. Some days require more time for work, and that’s natural. Over time, I make sure to balance busy periods with rest, hobbies, and time with loved ones. Skiing in winter helps me fully disconnect, while traveling and exploring art exhibitions inspire fresh perspectives and creativity.

One book that shaped my thinking is Atomic Habits by James Clear. It taught me the power of small, consistent actions and how tiny improvements lead to big results over time. Few people know that I deeply value volunteering — supporting community projects gives me new perspectives and reminds me how meaningful teamwork can be.

If I could give advice to my younger self, it would be to trust your decisions and move forward without regret. Embracing choices, even when they don’t turn out as planned, is a powerful way to grow both professionally and personally.

Thank you, Sigita, for sharing your inspiring journey and valuable insights. Your passion for accounting and commitment to continuous learning show how important this profession is for building trust and driving success. At Leinonen, we are proud to have professionals like you leading the way.

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Changing Your Accounting & Payroll Service Provider: Challenges and Solutions https://leinonen.eu/articles/changing-your-accounting-and-payroll-provider-is-easier-than-you-think/ Tue, 28 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000 https://new.leinonen.eu/blog/changing-your-accounting-and-payroll-provider-is-easier-than-you-think/ For many businesses, outsourcing the accounting and payroll functions is a practical way to simplify operations while gaining access to financial and legal expertise, optimising costs, and improving overall efficiency. If you would like to explore the benefits in more detail, you can learn more about why businesses choose to outsource accounting services here. The quality […]

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For many businesses, outsourcing the accounting and payroll functions is a practical way to simplify operations while gaining access to financial and legal expertise, optimising costs, and improving overall efficiency. If you would like to explore the benefits in more detail, you can learn more about why businesses choose to outsource accounting services here.

The quality of a company’s financial records has a significant impact on the business. Investors, for example, expect accurate, transparent, and well-prepared financial information. A reliable outsourced accounting partner should not only ensure compliance, but also help improve efficiency and reduce the need for internal resources. If the service you receive falls short of expectations, there may come a point where changing accounting or payroll providers becomes necessary.

In this article, we explain why many businesses hesitate to switch accounting and payroll service providers and show how the process can be far more straightforward than it is often perceived to be.

Challenge: Not Knowing What Better Options Exist

When a business has worked with the same accounting and payroll provider for many years, it is easy to assume the service you receive is “good enough.” In reality, service quality is subjective and often shaped by what you are used to. Many companies simply are not aware that higher standards, better communication, or more tailored support are available elsewhere. At the same time, switching providers can feel risky, as there is always uncertainty about whether a new partner will deliver on their promises.

Solution: Compare, Research, and Reassess Your Needs

To determine whether your current provider truly meets your expectations, it helps to look beyond your own experience. Speak with trusted peers or businesses in the same industry about their accounting and payroll providers and the level of service they receive. If direct conversations feel uncomfortable, independent research is just as valuable. Reviewing service descriptions, client testimonials, and online reviews can provide a clearer picture of what a high-quality provider should offer.

It is also important to understand that accounting and payroll services vary significantly between providers. Some offer little more than access to accounting software, while others manage all financial records or deliver fully tailored solutions. By not exploring alternative options, your business may miss the opportunity to work with a provider better suited to its specific needs. Given the central role accounting plays in business operations, choosing the right partner can have a direct and lasting impact on your company’s success.

 

Challenge: The Perceived Time and Cost of Switching Providers Seems Too High

Companies outsource accounting and payroll for many reasons. Some need an independent provider to meet investor or stakeholder requirements, others want to reduce costs, and many are simply looking for stronger expertise. However, when an outsourced provider no longer delivers real value, staying put can be more costly than changing. Despite this, many businesses hesitate to switch because they believe the transition will be time-consuming, expensive, and disruptive.

Solution: A Structured and Well-Managed Transition

In practice, moving from one outsourced accounting provider to another does not need to be complex. Established accounting service providers rely on proven processes and modern technology to ensure a smooth and efficient transition. A reliable partner will anticipate common challenges and, where needed, offer flexible solutions such as dedicated onboarding support to address specific concerns.

Once you have selected a new provider, the transition should be carefully planned and clearly communicated. With early coordination and defined responsibilities, reorganising financial processes and responsibilities can be straightforward. A professional provider should be able to handle all administrative and regulatory requirements while maintaining the service quality your business expects.

If you have questions about the cost or complexity of transitioning accounting or payroll services, you can always contact one of our offices. Our teams are happy to review your situation and provide practical guidance tailored to your business.

Challenge: It’s Hard to Find an Accounting Provider You Can Trust

Trust is the foundation of any successful professional relationship, and this is especially true when it comes to accounting and financial management. Your accounting and payroll service provider should act as a trusted advisor, offering reliable guidance on matters that directly affect your business. However, loyalty to a long-standing accountant can sometimes work against you. If service standards begin to slip, the decline may go unnoticed, particularly if the relationship is built more on familiarity than performance.

Businesses deserve consistent, high-quality advice and service. That is why it is important to regularly review outsourced providers and assess them objectively. One effective way to reduce risk is to work with a provider that has a proven track record and a strong reputation to protect. Established firms understand that trust is earned over time and will go the extra mile to maintain it.

Solution: Evaluate Values, Track Record, and Reliability

When choosing a new accounting or payroll service provider, trust and reliability should be central considerations. While a good personal relationship is valuable, the priority should be finding a partner whose values align with your own and who demonstrates long-term consistency. If it is difficult to assess this at first glance, take the time to research the firm’s background, history, and market presence.

Interviews, direct discussions, and reference checks are essential steps in the selection process. Many professional service providers do not publish client references publicly due to confidentiality, but they should be willing to connect you with suitable references upon request. Ultimately, a trusted accounting partner is one you can rely on when it matters most, knowing there is always a knowledgeable and dependable professional at the other end of the line.

Challenge: It’s Difficult to Assess the Quality of a New Provider

When considering a change in accounting or payroll service provider, the most difficult question is whether the new partner will deliver a higher level of quality than the current one. This uncertainty often makes businesses hesitant to switch. Without clear benchmarks, it can be hard to compare providers objectively or to know what “better” really looks like for your organisation.

A good starting point is to define what you actually need from an accounting and payroll partner. If your business is growing or expanding internationally, relevant cross-border experience becomes critical. If meeting deadlines is a concern, it is important to understand whether the provider has sufficient resources to handle peak periods such as year-end reporting. Beyond basic service delivery, the right provider should also help you think ahead by asking the right questions and supporting better decision-making.

Solution: Use Clear Criteria and Evidence-Based Evaluation

The most effective way to evaluate potential providers is to create a set of clear criteria based on your top priorities and assess each option against them. This approach makes it easier to compare providers objectively and reduces the risk of relying on assumptions or sales promises.

Cost is often one of the key decision factors, but it should be considered carefully. A lower price may come with compromises in service quality, technology, or communication. On the other hand, a premium service will typically reflect deeper expertise, stronger processes, and better support. Promises of high-quality service at the lowest possible price are rarely realistic.

Changes within your business, such as rapid growth or restructuring, can also drive the need to reassess your finance function. Established outsourced accounting providers are able to scale their services up or down in line with your needs. Their breadth of expertise and flexibility are often difficult to replicate internally, helping your business remain resilient, efficient, and well-supported through periods of change.

Challenge: “It’s Not the Right Time”

In today’s competitive and fast-changing business environment, it can feel like there is never a good moment to review or change your accounting and payroll provider. Day-to-day demands often take priority, even though the right external partner can significantly streamline internal teams by outsourcing functions such as accounting, payroll, tax management and legal advisory.

Even in uncertain periods such as the COVID-19 crisis, outsourcing has proven to be an effective way to improve efficiency, strengthen business processes, and safeguard future revenue. Demand for accounting advisory services related to business continuity has increased, as has the need for expert support in accessing government financial aid programmes. Periods of disruption often highlight the importance of having a capable and proactive financial partner.

Outsourcing allows businesses to focus their resources on core commercial activities, but only when the provider delivers high-quality, personalised support. If there are doubts about whether your current provider can meet your evolving needs, it may be time to consider alternatives. A trusted accounting partner should actively help optimise financial management and support you in identifying new opportunities within your sector.

To succeed in a demanding market, management and finance teams must have access to timely and accurate financial information. Businesses that recognise this are strengthening their accounting and finance functions to address existing challenges and future-proof their operations.

Solution: A Proactive and Transparent Accounting & Payroll Service Provider

At Leinonen, we understand why changing accounting and payroll operations can seem difficult. That is why we focus on listening to your needs and maintaining full transparency throughout the process, ensuring a smooth and well-managed transition.

With operations in 12 countries, Leinonen acts as a steady guide for clients navigating complex and uncertain business environments. At the same time, we provide stability and reassurance by offering a reliable, long-term partnership wherever you operate.

Let us show you how Leinonen can add value to your existing operations and support your business through every stage of change.

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Expanding Business Abroad: 5 Key Considerations When Going Global https://leinonen.eu/articles/5-important-aspects-to-consider-when-going-global-with-your-business/ Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000 https://new.leinonen.eu/blog/5-important-aspects-to-consider-when-going-global-with-your-business/ In more than 30 years of providing accounting and payroll services in Europe, we have met hundreds of clients wishing to go global. The process of expanding business abroad introduces a whole new set of considerations, from market trends and analysis to political and economic factors, entity set-up, legal barriers, and the logistics of hiring […]

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In more than 30 years of providing accounting and payroll services in Europe, we have met hundreds of clients wishing to go global.

The process of expanding business abroad introduces a whole new set of considerations, from market trends and analysis to political and economic factors, entity set-up, legal barriers, and the logistics of hiring workforces in new countries.

In 2025, Leinonen Group consists of 12 successful offices in 11 countries. With a reliable international network of accountants, lawyers, payroll advisors, and more, we are well equipped to support your business as you make the cross-border transition.

In the meantime, here are five important areas you should explore when deciding whether to enter a new market abroad.

1. Market Analysis to Establish a Strong Business Case

This might seem obvious, but it is a step many companies forget (or rush). We often see businesses wanting to expand their reach, starting with neighbouring territories. They believe they know the local market well enough – but during detailed research, surprises often emerge.

When conducting market research, be sure to explore the following as a minimum:

  • Cultural differences
  • Consumer behaviour
  • Market trends
  • Language barriers
  • Competition
  • Taxation
  • Legal aspects
  • Employment regulations

If you can produce a strong business case using thorough market analysis and research, your chances of success will be much improved. Ultimately, proper research will reduce your risk of losing significant money and damaging your brand along the way.

2. Proper Entity Set-up

When establishing a company abroad, it is crucial that the company form and registration both comply with the local legislation. The number of founders, capital requirement, division of responsibility and decision-making, financing, and taxation are just a few of the factors that influence which legal entity is most suitable.

We strongly suggest consulting with local authorities or service providers before making a final decision about entity set-up. This is because every market is different, and registration processes vary in terms of time and resources needed.

If you plan to expand to Baltic countries, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ukraine or Kazakhstan, you can consult with Leinonen’s accounting services. We will use our expert knowledge of local markets and best practices to help you select the right legal entity for your business.

3. Understanding Local Laws and Regulations

Different markets have different local laws and regulations around taxes. The taxation of international businesses changes frequently and can be difficult to understand. As legal regulations affect everything from establishing a company to hiring employees, it is better to minimize risks by investigating these regulations sooner rather than later.

It is also vital to consider how your home country treats income earned internationally, as this could significantly impact profits. The earlier in the process regulations enter the decision, the better for your company; they might impact your mode of entry choice.

4. Hiring Employees Globally

Are you planning to open a local office or simply use remote workers in different markets? Will you use expats or focus on local talent?

Whatever decisions you make, ensure you are well educated on local employment laws and that your human resource plans comply with local requirements. In many markets, employment legislation creates the general framework of the terms and conditions of employment, but employer and employee unions enter into collective agreements.

Collective agreements are more specific than the law, and some of them are universally binding (e.g., in Finland, there are more than 100 legally binding collective agreements). This means that even unaffiliated employers that do not belong to an employers’ organisation must apply the terms and conditions of the sector’s collective agreement. If the terms of an employment contract are not in accordance with a binding collective agreement, they are not legally valid.

Money is a sensitive matter, and managing employee salaries should always be handled with the utmost care, confidence, and punctuality. If you use a payroll partner, as many companies do, make sure they provide compliance support in-country and communicate in the local language. For diligent payroll services in Europe, contact your local Leinonen office.

5. In-house or Outsourced Services

Many businesses choose to outsource accounting and payroll. Not only can this decision simplify company operations, but it also allows them to benefit from the knowledge of local financial and legal specialists.

Key Benefits of Outsourcing Payroll Services in Europe Include:

  • Saving time. Managing your own payroll is laborious and time consuming – it may not be realistic or efficient to take care of it yourself. Outsourcing your payroll management to a financial expert can streamline the process and save you many hours.
  • Avoiding mistakes. Payroll mistakes cause a whole host of practical issues, and can even damage your reputation; frequent errors could make you appear less trustworthy. With a team of specialists on hand, outsourcing your payroll will eliminate errors, effectively troubleshoot, and keep things running smoothly for both you and your employees.
  • Improving security. Your employees trust you with their personal and financial data, and you want to keep it safe. Reputable organisations offering payroll services in Europe prioritise confidentiality and security for your peace of mind.

To find out more on the benefits of outsourcing payroll to a specialist accounting service in Europe, read our article here.

Leinonen: Your New Partner for Expanding Business Abroad

Expanding your business globally can be complex, but considering these five factors is a great starting point. It is vital to do the proper homework, prepare a strategic business case, and lean on a trusted international partner for local expertise. With adequate preparation and research, your business will be much better equipped for global success.

To learn more about how Leinonen Group’s accounting services in Europe will help you find success abroad, contact us today and arrange a consultation.

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Approval of financial statements in Baltics https://leinonen.eu/articles/approval-of-financial-statements-in-baltics/ Wed, 09 Jul 2025 07:21:07 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5843 Estonia Latvia Lithuania Submission   All entities are obliged to submit an annual report within 6 months from the end of financial year. The financial year is 12 months in length and in most cases the financial year is the calendar year.   A company shall, not later than one month after approval of the […]

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EstoniaLatviaLithuania
Submission  
All entities are obliged to submit an annual report within 6 months from the end of financial year. The financial year is 12 months in length and in most cases the financial year is the calendar year.  A company shall, not later than one month after approval of the financial statement, submit it to the State Revenue Service within the following time limits: a micro-entity – not later than five months after the end of the reporting year.a small undertaking – not later than five months after the end of the reporting year.a medium-sized undertaking, a large undertaking, and a parent undertaking of the group of companies that prepares a consolidated annual statement – not later than seven months after the end of the reporting year.  The approved financial statements, together with the management report, the auditor’s opinion (if an audit is mandatory), and, where applicable, the assurance statement on sustainability reporting, must be submitted to the Register of Legal Entities no later than 30 calendar days after their approval. The deadline for the approval is 4 months from the end of the financial year.  
Preparation
The management board of the company is responsible for preparing the annual report with a proposal for the distribution of profit and presenting it to the shareholders. Pursuant to the Accounting Act, the management, the shareholders or the sole proprietor certify the accuracy and completeness of the information presented in the annual report, including that the annual accounts have been prepared in accordance with the financial reporting standard and give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of the accounting entity.   Before the annual report can be submitted to the commercial register, the report has to be approved by the general meeting of shareholders. The approval has to be in a format of a decision of the shareholders or minutes of the meeting of the shareholders. If the shareholders do not approve the annual report and it is not submitted to the commercial register on time, the company will be in breach of its obligation to provide information to the register. However, in case the shareholders have not approved the annual report with a decision in a timely manner, the management board can submit the annual report to the commercial register with a public indication that the report has not been approved. The commercial register will consider the obligation to file an annual report fulfilled, but once the shareholders decide to approve the report, a new annual report must be submitted to the commercial register.   The meeting of shareholders or the general meeting of shareholders of the company may simultaneously adopt resolutions on the approval of the annual report and distribution of dividends or resolve the payment of dividends later.Financial statement of a company shall be signed by all the board members or a specific board member, who has been authorised by the whole board to do so. Next, financial statement of a company shall be approved by the shareholder’s meeting (if there is more than one shareholder) or by the sole shareholder with its decision.  Pursuant to Article 13 of the Law on the Accountability of Companies and Groups of Companies of the Republic of Lithuania, legal entities are required to prepare annual financial statements after the end of the financial year based on the data as of the final day of the reporting year. These statements must accurately disclose the company’s assets, equity, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and, where applicable, cash flows.   A private limited liability company or a public limited company must convene an annual general meeting of shareholders to approve the annual financial statement package, in accordance with Article 24 and 58 of the Law on Public Limited Liability Companies.   According to Article 223 of the Code of Administrative Offences, failure to submit, late submission, or incorrect submission of annual financial statements, management reports, activity reports, annual reports, auditor’s opinions, or other legally required documents may result in administrative liability. Legal persons, their branches or representative offices, as well as managers of foreign legal entities or their divisions, may be subject to a fine ranging from EUR 600 to EUR 1450. In the case of repeated offences, the fine ranges from EUR 2000 to EUR 6000.  

Payment of dividends and taxation

EstoniaLatviaLithuania
Payment of dividends
According to the Commercial Code the shareholders of the company may pay out dividends in money from net profit or from retained profit from previous years from which losses from previous years have been deducted, on the basis of the approved annual report. Dividend can also be non-monetary, for example securities or real estate and the date of payment according to the tax authorities will be considered the date of transfer of ownership. Overall rule is that dividend will be paid to the shareholders in proportion to the nominal value of the shareholders’ share.   Most commonly the dividends will be paid by a payment date set by the shareholders’ decision or by the articles of association, or within a reasonable time. The shareholders can decide on the dividend payment when they approve the annual report, but it is not mandatory. The shareholders can also decide to take out dividends as many times as they want, as long as all the grounds for paying the dividends are fulfilled: The share capital of the company is fully paid.The approved annual report shows profit which can be distributed (either current financial year and/or previous financial years).The shareholder has made a decision to pay the dividends.Payment of dividends cannot damage the solvency of the company, and the equity must remain at least half of the share capital amount.    The process of decision-making as of payment of dividends is as follows. The board of the company convenes the ordinary shareholder’s meeting proposing to approve the annual statement of the company and to decide on profit distribution. The board of the company shall ensure that the shareholders have access to the proposal. Commercial Law lists the items which shall be included in the proposal. After the shareholder’s meeting is held and the minutes of the shareholder’s meeting are signed, there is a legal ground for payment of dividends to the shareholders of the company.   Normally, dividends shall be paid out to a shareholder in proportion to the sum of the nominal values of the shares owned by him or her (10 % of the shares are entitled to 10% of the distributable profits). However, the articles of association of a company can provide for different provisions (for instance, applying different coefficients to different classes of shares etc.).   Commercial Law also provides for a possibility to pay out extraordinary dividends. Such an option shall be stipulated in the articles of association of the company allowing dividends to be determined and calculated also from the profit acquired during the period after the end of the previous reporting year.   Dividends are allowed to be calculated and paid out only for fully paid shares.   A shareholder is not entitled to receive dividends from the company if  the shareholder has not provided information to the company about the ultimate beneficial owner of the shares in question in accordance with the applicable  KYC/AML laws.   Dividends may not be determined, calculated, or paid out if the annual statement or the report on economic activity shows that the company’s own funds are less than its share capital.   Dividends shall be paid out only in cash (money) – it is not possible to pay out dividends substituting money with some tangible or intangible property.   Dividends which have not been taken out within 10 years will be transferred back into the ownership of the company, except when, pursuant to the law, the limitation period is deemed to be discontinued or suspended.   The decision of the shareholders of the company that the dividends, even temporarily, are to be left at the disposal of the company will be void and not executable. The company may not request a shareholder to return dividends that have been received, except in cases where an obvious mistake was made or it is determined that the shareholder was not legally entitled to the dividends paid.According to Article 59 of the Law on Public Limited Liability Companies, a decision to pay dividends may not be adopted if: · the company has overdue financial liabilities. · the distributable profit for the reporting year is negative. · the payment of dividends would reduce the company’s equity below the amount of its authorized capital, mandatory reserve, or other statutory minimum levels.   The law also clearly states that dividends may be paid only from distributable profit – that is, the remaining portion of profit after mandatory deductions, including the formation of reserves and the covering of previous years’ losses.
Taxation
Starting from January 2025, dividends are taxed at the company level in Estonia with an income tax at the rate of 22/78, meaning that the tax rate is the same for paying the dividends to either natural persons, legal entities or tax haven companies.For individuals: Dividend income is subject to personal income tax (PIT) rate at 25,5%, however, dividend income shall be exempt from PIT if dividends distributed from profit were subject to taxation at the company level in Latvia or abroad. In addition, 3 % PIT rate on annual income exceeding EUR 200 000 is applied.  
For legal entities: All undistributed corporate profits are tax-exempt. For distributed profit corporate income tax (CIT) rate is 20%, calculated as 20/80 from taxable net payment (actual tax burden – 25%). CIT is not assessed on the profit earned, which means no CIT in respect to all retained and reinvested profits is applicable. CIT is assessed on a monthly basis and only when profits have been distributed (e.g. dividends, capital reductions, liquidation quota), including transactions that are considered as deemed profit distributions (e.g. transfer pricing adjustments, provisions for bad debts, in certain cases issued loans to related parties, expenses and payments that do not have a business purpose, gifts and business entertainment expenses, representation and personnel sustainability expenses exceeding 5% of the previous tax year total gross salaries).  
For tax haven companies: All payments to low tax or tax free countries are subject to CIT at a rate of 20% (calculated as 20/80, actual tax burden – 25%). Dividend income paid from profits of companies registered in low tax or tax-free countries or territories is subject to PIT at a rate of 25.5%. PIT is applied to income from substantial participation in low-tax and tax-free countries or territories’ companies, trusts, or other legal entities. Tax is levied on the foreign company’s income attributable to a person if the person’s participation in the foreign company is substantial – 25% or more – regardless of whether this income has been distributed as dividends (if the taxed income is distributed as dividends, PIT on dividends will not be paid again).
For individuals: According to PIT Law, dividends are considered income from distributed profits. This means that dividends are only taxed when they are paid out. Until dividends are not paid, they are not taxed. The tax rate is 15 %.   For legal entities: Dividends distributed by a Lithuanian company to another company are subject to a 16% corporate income tax (CIT) rate from 1 January 2025, withheld by the distributing company. It should be noted that from 1 January 2026, the rate will increase to 17%. According to the principle of participation exemption, dividends paid by the company to another Lithuanian or foreign company or received from a foreign company shall not be subject to CIT, if the company receiving the dividends holds at least 10 % of voting shares (interests, member shares) for at least 12 months without interruption.  This rule is not applicable it receiving / distributing company is set up in tax haven. Dividends distributed by a foreign company to a Lithuanian company are exempt from CIT if the distributing foreign entity is established in the European Economic Area and related profit is properly taxed in the domiciled country.   N.B. When a Lithuanian company pays dividends to a non-resident (either individual or legal entity), the provisions of Lithuania’s domestic law and applicable double taxation avoidance treaties (hereinafter – DTT) must be considered. DTTs may provide for a reduced dividend tax rate. In such cases, under Article 5 of the Law on Tax Administration, treaty provisions take precedence.  

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6 Reasons Why Payroll Outsourcing is a Smart Move https://leinonen.eu/articles/6-great-reasons-to-outsource-payroll/ Fri, 27 Jun 2025 07:15:33 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5486 Payroll management can present challenges regardless of a company’s size. For small businesses with few team members, finding time to manage payroll is often tricky when balanced with other important tasks. On the flipside, larger companies with many employees usually have more complex payroll calculations to handle. And businesses operating cross-border must navigate a whole […]

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Payroll management can present challenges regardless of a company’s size. For small businesses with few team members, finding time to manage payroll is often tricky when balanced with other important tasks.

On the flipside, larger companies with many employees usually have more complex payroll calculations to handle. And businesses operating cross-border must navigate a whole new set of intricacies.

Payroll Outsourcing Can Help a Business:

1. Save time.

Manually managing payroll is a laborious, intensely time-consuming task. For small business owners doing this singlehandedly, time constraints may become overwhelming. With expert input to streamline procedures and automate as much as possible, businesses can save hours of precious time each month.

2. Avoid mistakes.

Not only do mistakes with things like overtime, holiday pay and sick pay cause practical issues, but they may also reduce your employees’ trust in you. And while a single accountant cannot be expected to have the expertise to resolve every possible scenario, a team can pool their knowledge and efficiently find the right solution in the most unique situations.

3. Communicate accurately and efficiently.

With an automated payroll system set up by experts, payroll information can be communicated to employees clearly. Detailed breakdowns can quickly answer employees’ questions around how their take-home pay has been calculated (e.g., why sick leave salary is different).

4. Improve security and confidentiality.

By entrusting all payroll services to one provider that prioritises the anonymity and confidentiality of personal and financial data, you can minimise the number of individuals with access to sensitive information. Payroll data can also be encrypted and password protected when sent to employees.

5. Access specialists.

Employment and tax laws are constantly changing, and these alterations can be hard to keep up with. This may be particularly true if you are operating in a new country. An accounting firm with local knowledge can be consulted for advice on these complex issues and changes.

6. Guarantee accurate tax calculations.

Calculating tax and deductions correctly will prevent unnecessary and costly interactions with bailiffs. Tax laws vary from country to country, so if you are operating in a new territory, hiring an accounting firm with local expertise is highly recommended.

Contact Us for Payroll Outsourcing Services

To find out how Leinonen can help your company stay compliant with local laws while streamlining and automating payroll processes, arrange a consultation today.

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Shaping the Future of Central Europe at Leinonen with Dmytro Pavlenko https://leinonen.eu/articles/central-europe-leadership-at-leinonen-with-dmytro-pavlenko/ Tue, 03 Jun 2025 08:01:19 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5792 After working for seven years at Leinonen Group’s HQ office, where he most recently held the position of Group Sales and Marketing Manager, Dmytro Pavlenko took a big step. He moved to Bulgaria to grow the newly formed Central Region, which includes Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland. In this interview, Dmytro talks about his move, the […]

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After working for seven years at Leinonen Group’s HQ office, where he most recently held the position of Group Sales and Marketing Manager, Dmytro Pavlenko took a big step. He moved to Bulgaria to grow the newly formed Central Region, which includes Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland. In this interview, Dmytro talks about his move, the differences between these countries, why the region has strong business potential, and how his team is working together across borders.

You have lived and worked in several countries before. How has the move to Bulgaria been for you personally?

This was my first time moving so far away for work. Before, even if I worked on international projects, like in Sweden or Norway, I was still based in Estonia, and the flights there would take around an hour. Now I live in Sofia, which is a very different place and much further away, a trip home to Estonia takes a full day. The climate is one big change — summers can be extremely hot, with temperatures reaching +40 degrees. On the positive side, winters are not so dark, which I enjoy. The culture is also much more extroverted compared to Estonia. People are more direct, more open, and more social. It’s been challenging at times, but a great opportunity to learn a lot about different ways of communicating and working.

Was there anything surprising about life or business in Bulgaria?

Yes, quite a few things. Before, I had heard many warnings — about extreme bureaucracy, destructive corruption, and outdated systems. But when I arrived, I saw that much of this is changing and very fast. Bulgaria feels very safe, people are friendly, and the business environment is much better than I expected. There is still a lot of paperwork and formalities, but digital services are improving quickly. One big surprise was access to business loans. Interest rates here are much lower than in the Baltics — sometimes as low as 2–3% total. That makes it easier for companies to invest and grow, and we’ve already seen our clients take advantage of this.

What are the main reasons businesses are entering the Central Region now?

One is that the economies in Central Europe are still growing, while many other parts of Europe are stagnating. That makes this region more attractive for investment. Second, the cost of doing business is still lower, not only salaries but also energy costs and taxes, especially in Bulgaria and Hungary. And third, financing is easier. Businesses can get low-interest loans, which helps with expansion, especially in manufacturing. When you put all of this together — lower costs, easier financing, and market growth — it’s clear why more companies are entering this region. Furthermore, I would like to highlight Poland as an emerging star on the European stage. The country’s business potential continues to grow at an impressive pace, even as other markets show signs of slowing. It’s also leading in the digitalisation of it’s administration.

You were in a marketing and sales role before. How has it been to move into regional leadership?

The most significant shift has been the ability to create direct impact. In my previous group-level role, I worked behind the scenes supporting multiple countries. Now, leading a regional team, I have the opportunity to shape how we operate locally. I was appointed to support the Group’s growth plans in this region, and my background in data and sales has been key. I’m also fortunate to work with a strong regional team that has made this transition much smoother. For me, the title is secondary—what matters is the value we create together. I strive to lead in a practical, fact-based way, which I believe is a universal approach to effective leadership.

How do you manage such different cultures in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland?

With my background, I strongly advocate for Nordic management principles, which are also deeply embedded in Leinonen culture. I focus on empowering people by giving them autonomy while guiding direction through clear priorities and measurable KPIs. This approach is generally well-received. At the same time, I remain open and adaptive—another core Nordic value—recognizing that each country has its own customs and preferences.

A great example was our team event in Bulgaria. I initially proposed a quieter, more formal evening—a musical performance followed by a wine tasting. However, the team preferred something livelier, with dancing and traditional music. We went with their idea, and the event turned out to be a great success. It reinforced my belief that involving people in decisions not only leads to better outcomes but also strengthens team connection and trust.

Are the teams working more as one regional unit now?

Yes, more than ever. We share common goals, hold regular regional meetings, and collaborate on joint projects. This scale benefits the business too, allowing us to streamline processes and optimize resource use. One of the most valuable outcomes is our ability to specialize, focus resources, and exchange experiences on a deeper level. 

Dmytro Pavlenko, Bulgaria team - Leinonen

A great example comes from our payroll team in Poland, who began using our company’s Copilot tool to automate data processing tasks. We’re now sharing this best practice with all the teams in Poland, Hungary, and Bulgaria. When people see their ideas making a broader impact, it promotes unity. It also strengthens our sense of belonging, not just to our local offices, but to a larger regional community. 

What is different about doing business in Poland, Hungary, and Bulgaria?

In our region each country is rather different. For example in Baltics of Nordics the countries themselves have many more similarities. Even when you say Central European region to an external they are guaranteed to all mention different set of countries. Cultures are absolutely different and even alphabet differs. So if you plan to expand into this region, each country requires its specific attention.

However, they also have a lot in common.  All three are developing fast and are moving towards more digital systems. Poland, for example, is leading the way in electronic invoicing and system-to-system reporting. Bulgaria is making big improvements in digital business administration, making it even possible to establish and run a business without physical presence. Hungary, with its Client Gateway and system-to-system reporting, is moving to digitalization strongly.

Is the new Central Region structure bringing value to clients?

Clients may not see big changes immediately, but they will in time. Behind the scenes, we’ve built stronger teams, clearer roles, and better tools. This means we can deliver faster, more consistent, and higher-quality service. We are also better organized now, with experts in different areas who support all three countries. Over time, this will make a big difference for our clients.

How is the Central Region performing compared to your expectations?

Overall, we’re on track. Some things are taking longer than planned, which, I guess, is normal. But we’re growing — in number of clients, in team cooperation, and in how we manage operations. We have set ambitious goals for the year, and I believe we will reach them. I’m also happy to see the team spirit growing stronger across countries. That gives me a lot of confidence.

Do you still have time for yourself? What do you enjoy outside work?

At the beginning, I worked long hours to get everything set up. But now things are more stable, and I have more time. I enjoy hiking in the mountains — that’s something new for me, as Estonia doesn’t have many mountains. I also visit mineral water spas, which are very popular here. I still love saunas, and since I couldn’t find a proper one in Bulgaria, I ordered a Finnish sauna tent. And yes — I still collect Coca-Cola glasses! Some are in Estonia, and some are now here.

A big thank you to Dmytro for sharing his story and experiences with us! It was inspiring to hear about his journey from the Group HQ to leading the Central Region and how he’s helping shape the future of our operations in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland. We wish him continued success and look forward to seeing how the Central Region continues to grow under his leadership!

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Tax Rates in the Baltic Countries https://leinonen.eu/articles/tax-rates-in-the-baltic-countries/ Mon, 13 Jan 2025 13:11:54 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5673 Valid as of 1 January 2025 ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA Corporate income tax (CIT) rate   · CIT is payable upon profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution). · CIT rate is 22%, calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment.  · CIT is payable upon profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution). · CIT rate is 20%, calculated as 20/80 from taxable net […]

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Valid as of 1 January 2025

ESTONIALATVIALITHUANIA
Corporate income tax (CIT) rate  · CIT is payable upon profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution). 
· CIT rate is 22%, calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment. 
· CIT is payable upon profit distributions (the deemed profit distribution). 
· CIT rate is 20%, calculated as 20/80 from taxable net payment
· CIT is calculated as follows: Total income – non-taxable income – allowed deductions – limited deductions = taxable profit.
· Standard CIT rate is 16% – starting 2025 year tax period.
· 21% CIT rate is applicable to credit institutions.
0% and 6% rates may be applied under certain conditions 2.
WITHHOLDING TAX RATES
Dividends 22% calculated as 22/78 from taxable net payment.0% or 20%/10%, reduced rates may be applied according to Double Treaty Taxation (DTT).0% or 16%, reduced rates may be applied according to Double Treaty Taxation (DTT).
Interest 22% to residents or N/A for non-residents.0% or 20%/10%, reduced rates may be applied according to DTT.0% or 10%
Royalties22% to residents, 10% to non-residents or N/A, in case the exemption applies.N/A 0% or 10%
Management/ 
consulting fee 
22%, exemption may be applied according to Double Treaty Taxation (DTT).20%, exemption may be applied according to DTT. N/A
Alienation of immovable property 22% 3% 16%
Rent/lease of real estate income 22% 5% 16%
Service fees payable to non-residents from non-cooperative tax jurisdictions 22% 20%Payments made by a Lithuanian company for services to foreign companies registered or otherwise organized in target territories are considered to be non-allowable deductions where the paying Lithuanian company does not supply to the local tax administrator evidence that:
1) Such payments are related to the usual activities of the paying and receiving entity;
2) The receiving foreign entity controls the assets needed to perform such usual activities;
3) There is a link between the payment and the economically feasible operation.
WAGE TAXES
Minimum monthly salary EUR 886 EUR 740EUR 1 038
Personal income tax (PIT) rates  · 22%.
· Monthly basic exemption – EUR 6541.


 
· 25,5% rate on annual income up to EUR 105,300.
· 33% rate on annual income exceeding EUR 105,300.
· 3% additional tax rate for income exceeding EUR 200 000 per year.
· 20% rate on annual income that does not exceed 60 average wages.
· 32% rate on annual income exceeds 60 average wages.
SOCIAL SECURITY TAX RATES
Employee rate · 1,6% unemployment insurance premium.
· 2% funded pension contribution (if the person as joined 2nd pillar and if higher 4% or 6% is not applied). 
10,50% · Employee’s social security contributions – 19,5%.
· Participation of employee in pension scheme (optional) – 3%.
Employer rate · 33% social tax (the minimum monthly obligation for social tax is 820 EUR, it means, for an employer, the minimum obligation for social tax is 270,60 EUR monthly).
· 0,8% unemployment insurance premium. 
23,59% · Permanent agreement – 1,77%.
· Temporary agreement – 2,49 %.
Solidarity tax  N/A33 % from income exceeding EUR 105,300 N/A 
VALUE ADDED TAX
Value added tax (VAT) rates  22%, 13% and 9%21%, 12% and 5% 21%, 9% 5% and 0%
VAT registration thresholds EUR 40,000 EUR 50,000 EUR 45,000 
Annual EU distance selling threshold EUR 10,000 for the sales all around EU  
INTRASTAT REPORTING
ArrivalsN/A  EUR 350,000 EUR 570,000
Dispatches EUR 350,000 EUR 200,000 EUR 400,000

1 The annual basic exemption is up to EUR 7,848 (EUR 654 per month). For the persons who are in an old-age pension, the tax-exempt income will be EUR 9,312 per year (EUR 766 per month).

2 According to article 30-2 of the Law on CIT the limitations will also be imposed on the deductibility of the purchase price and rental costs of cars. The new deduction regime will refer to the CO2 emissions of the car. Article 12(6) of the Law on CIT will also be repealed and the income of healthcare institutions for services financed by the PSDF will be classified as taxable income.

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Innovative Employee Benefits in the Baltic Countries: Stock Options https://leinonen.eu/articles/innovative-employee-benefits-in-the-baltic-countries-stock-options/ Wed, 11 Dec 2024 09:50:51 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5641 The Baltic countries are witnessing a surge in innovative employee benefits as an increasing number of companies seek to attract and retain top talent. These benefits not only enhance employee satisfaction but also motivate higher performance. Among the most popular employee perks in the region are: Private health, life insurance, Full or partial compensation of […]

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The Baltic countries are witnessing a surge in innovative employee benefits as an increasing number of companies seek to attract and retain top talent. These benefits not only enhance employee satisfaction but also motivate higher performance. Among the most popular employee perks in the region are:

  • Private health, life insurance,
  • Full or partial compensation of health and sports expenses (e.g. participation fees in public sports events, gym membership etc.)
  • Professional development (e.g. foreign languages training),
  • Compensation for installation of workplace at home (as a second workplace),
  • III pillar pension payments by the employer,
  • Company stock options (employee option).

An employee option is a way of motivating employees, when an agreement is concluded between the employee and the employer, according to which the employee is given the right to purchase shares of the company he works for at a discounted price or for free at some point in the future.

Options are an excellent motivational tool that encourages effective contribution to the improvement of performance as the employee is given the right to become a shareholder of the company in the future. Options can give the employee the opportunity to buy a portion of a company’s stock for free or at a very low price (agreed price). The option contract gives the employee the right, but not the obligation to purchase the company’s shares in the future. At the end of the term specified in the option contract, the employee has the right to choose whether to buy the shares or not.

Please find a taxation overview of the options below.

Lithuania and Estonia
Options providedTaxation
The company granted the employee stock options, which, according to the contract, the employee will be able to convert into shares (vest) no earlier than after three years.At the time of conversion of options into shares (vesting), a tax exemption is applied, therefore, such benefits received by the employee are not subject to personal income tax and social security contributions.
The company granted the employee stock options, which, according to the contract, the employee will be able to convert into shares (vest) earlier than after three years.At the time of conversion of options into shares (vesting), a tax exemption is not applicable, therefore, such benefits received by the employee are subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment related income.
Latvia
Options providedTaxation
The company granted the employee stock options, which, according to the contract, the employee will be able to convert into shares (vest) no earlier than after 12 months.At the time of conversion of stock options into shares (vesting), payroll tax exemption is applicable if the stock options are granted according to the stock option plan and employer has submitted plan to the State revenue service and has ensured all law requirements.
If requirements are not met tax exemption is not applicable, thus, such benefits received by the employee are subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment related income.
The company granted the employee stock options, which, according to the contract, the employee will be able to convert into shares (vest) earlier than after 12 months.At the time of conversion of options into shares (vesting), tax exemption is not applicable, thus, such benefits received by the employee are subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment-related income.

Additional comments about Lithuania

If the shares are granted by a Lithuanian company
If the shares are granted immediately free of charge or at a lower price than the market price, it is recognized as income of the employee received as benefit in kind and shall be subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment related income.
Additional comments about Lithuania:
When acquiring shares from a foreign company (parent company of the employer), the above-mentioned tax relief may also be applied to the acquisition of such shares.
 
However, in cases where shares are to be granted to employees immediately or earlier than after three years and if the parent company abroad bears all the costs related to the granting of shares, the value of the shares received by the employee would only be subject to personal income tax (obligation to pay personal income tax would occur to employee) and would not be taxed as employment related income (would not be subject to social security contributions).
 
In cases where the costs related to the grant of shares were transferred to the direct employer, the employee would be obligated to pay personal income tax and the employer (Lithuanian company) would be obligated to calculated and pay the social security contributions.

Additional comments about Estonia

Option agreement signing format
In order to prove the date of conclusion of the agreement to the Estonian Tax and Customs Board, the option agreement needs to be signed digitally (preferably Estonian digital signature) or signed in front of a notary (confirmation of signature). Otherwise, the option agreement must be submitted to the Estonian Tax and Customs Board within 5 business days as of conclusion.
If the shares are granted by an Estonian company
If the shares are granted immediately free of charge or at a lower price than the market price, it is recognized as income of the employee received as benefit in kind and shall be subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment related income.
If the shares are granted by the parent company abroad
When acquiring shares from a foreign company (parent company of the employer), the above-mentioned tax relief may also be applied to the acquisition of such shares.
 
However, in cases where shares are to be granted to employees immediately or earlier than after three years and if the parent company abroad bears all the costs related to the granting of shares, the value of the shares received by the employee would only be subject to personal income tax (obligation to pay personal income tax would occur to employee) and would not be taxed as employment related income (would not be subject to social security contributions).
 
In cases where the costs related to the grant of shares were transferred to the direct employer, the employee would be obligated to pay personal income tax and the employer (Estonian company) would be obligated to calculated and pay the social security contributions.

Additional comments about Latvia

If the shares are granted by a Latvian company
If the shares are granted immediately free of charge or at a lower price than the market price, it is recognized as income of the employee received as benefit in kind and shall be subject to personal income tax and social security contributions i.e. shall be taxed as employment related income.
If the shares are granted by the parent company abroad
When acquiring shares from a foreign company (parent company of the employer), the above-mentioned tax relief may also be applied to the acquisition of such shares. Usually, shares are granted through local company, thus in order to apply exemption the same law requirements needs to be considered.
In cases where the costs related to the grant of shares were transferred to the direct employer, the employer (Latvian company) would be obligated to calculated and pay the social security contributions if tax exemption cannot be applied.

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Sigita Zvejniece Leading Legal Compliance Across Borders https://leinonen.eu/articles/sigita-zvejniece-leading-legal-compliance-across-borders/ Wed, 11 Dec 2024 08:45:13 +0000 https://leinonen.eu/?p=5636 Sigita Zvejniece has built a remarkable career, starting in Latvia and now working with legal systems in 11 different countries. As the Director of Legal Compliance at Leinonen Group, she helps ensure that the company follows all the rules and regulations across borders. In this interview, Sigita shares her story, from discovering her love for […]

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Sigita Zvejniece has built a remarkable career, starting in Latvia and now working with legal systems in 11 different countries. As the Director of Legal Compliance at Leinonen Group, she helps ensure that the company follows all the rules and regulations across borders. In this interview, Sigita shares her story, from discovering her love for legal work to leading compliance in a multinational company. She also talks about how technology is changing legal work and how she balances her busy job with her personal life.

How did you decide to become a lawyer?

I didn’t start my career thinking I would be a lawyer. At first, I studied finance and worked in audit. But during my internship, I realized I was more interested in what my legal colleagues were doing. Their work in compliance and risk management caught my attention, and I thought, “This is something I want to do.”

So, I decided to study law. While I was in university, I got a job in a sworn attorney’s office. This gave me hands-on experience early in my career. I realized that learning on the job helped me understand the law much better than just studying it in class. That decision to get real-world experience made all the difference for me.

What was it like to move from Latvian law to managing compliance across many countries?

The move was both exciting and challenging. When I started at Leinonen, I focused on Latvian legal matters. But over time, I took on more responsibility, eventually working on projects for the whole company. This new role required me to think globally, not just locally.

I had to learn about different legal systems and how to create rules that work in 11 countries. It pushed me to grow as a professional and as a person. It’s a lot of responsibility, but I enjoy the challenge. Working across many countries has made me a better problem-solver and helped me see things from different perspectives.

How do you keep up with the laws in 11 countries?

Keeping track of laws in 11 countries is a big challenge, but I follow a clear system to manage it. I work closely with local legal experts in each country. These experts help me understand the specific rules and practices in their regions. Their advice is especially helpful for understanding details that are hard to find on my own.

I also spend a lot of time researching European Union regulations. Many of the countries we work in follow EU rules, like GDPR or anti-money laundering laws. Staying updated on these regulations helps me understand how they will affect local laws.

Communication with our country managers is very important. They often spot practical problems or legal changes early, so we can solve them together. I also use technology to track updates and organize my work. Tools like these save time and make it easier to manage large amounts of information.

Finally, I rely on my network of legal contacts. When I face a complex or unfamiliar issue, I can reach out to colleagues for advice. By combining local expertise, EU research, technology, and teamwork, I ensure that Leinonen stays compliant in all our countries. It’s challenging work, but it’s also very satisfying.

How has working internationally helped you grow?

Working with people from different countries has taught me a lot. Every country has its own way of doing business, and I’ve learned to adapt to those differences. For example, some places like to move quickly, while others take more time to make decisions.

It’s also made me better at handling complex problems. International work requires you to think carefully and consider many viewpoints. Personally, I’ve become more patient and understanding. This job has pushed me to keep learning and improving, which I find very rewarding.

How does technology help with legal work?

Technology has completely changed the way lawyers work, making many tasks faster and more efficient. For example, document management systems help organize large amounts of legal documents, ensuring nothing is lost and making it easy to find what you need. AI tools are especially helpful for drafting simple legal documents, reviewing contracts, or summarizing large sets of information. These tools save a lot of time, allowing me to focus on more complex and strategic tasks that require personal judgment.

Research is another area where technology makes a big difference. Instead of spending hours searching through books or websites, I can use advanced tools to quickly find updated laws, regulations, or case studies. This speed helps me stay on top of changes in the legal field and better support our business.

However, technology also comes with risks, especially when handling sensitive data. Tools like AI often rely on data to learn and improve, so it’s essential to use secure systems to protect confidential information. At Leinonen, we are very careful about how we use technology. We follow strict rules to ensure that sensitive information stays private and that our tools are used responsibly.

Overall, technology helps us work smarter and stay competitive in a world that is changing quickly. It doesn’t replace the need for human expertise, but it complements our work by saving time, improving accuracy, and giving us better ways to solve problems. By using the right tools and being mindful of risks, technology becomes a powerful partner in legal work.

Is it difficult being the only legal expert in a company focused on accounting?

At times, it can feel lonely. I don’t have legal colleagues in the same office to discuss complicated issues with. But I have a strong network of friends and contacts in the legal field, and I often reach out to them for advice or ideas.

My colleagues at Leinonen are very supportive, even if they don’t have legal backgrounds. They help me understand the business side of things, which is just as important. Together, we find solutions that work for both the legal and operational sides of the company.

What advice do you have for young women starting careers in law?

Believe in yourself and don’t be afraid to take on challenges. The legal field can be tough, and sometimes people might underestimate you because of your age or gender. Use that as motivation to prove them wrong.

Believe in yourself and don’t be afraid to take on challenges.

It’s also important to have mentors who can guide you. Find people who support your growth and push you to do better. Remember, hard work and confidence can help you break down barriers. Things are improving, and more companies, like Leinonen, are becoming inclusive and supportive places to work.

How do you relax and manage stress?

Work-life balance is very important to me. Leinonen has a great culture that encourages employees to take care of themselves. I make time for hobbies like reading or spending time with family and friends.

When work gets stressful, I remind myself to step back and take a break. Sometimes, just a walk or a cup of tea can help clear my mind. I’ve learned that taking care of yourself isn’t just good for your personal life—it makes you better at your job too.

What is your vision for legal compliance at Leinonen?

I believe compliance should be a natural part of our company culture, not just a checklist. Instead of reacting to problems, we should focus on preventing them. This means creating strong legal systems that are clear and easy for everyone to follow. When compliance is simple, it becomes part of daily work without feeling like extra effort.

Educating employees is also important. When people understand why compliance matters and how it supports our goals, they are more likely to follow the rules. Providing clear guidelines and regular training helps make this happen.

At Leinonen, we are already making good progress. We use technology to track changes in laws, manage data, and handle routine tasks. This helps us stay ahead while building trust with clients. My goal is to keep improving these systems and make compliance a strong foundation for the company’s future success.

What is your proudest achievement so far?

Becoming the Director of Legal Compliance at Leinonen is something I’m very proud of. It’s a big responsibility, but it’s also an amazing opportunity to make a difference.

This role has allowed me to grow professionally and contribute to the success of a company that values ethics and innovation. I’m grateful for the trust Leinonen has placed in me, and I’m excited to keep building on what we’ve achieved so far.

Sigita’s journey from Latvian law to managing compliance in 11 countries reflects her dedication, adaptability, and innovative spirit. Her contributions to Leinonen Group have strengthened its compliance framework while inspiring others with her focus on growth and balance. As she continues to lead with passion and precision, we wish her every success in her career and look forward to seeing the positive impact she will undoubtedly create in the years to come.

The post Sigita Zvejniece Leading Legal Compliance Across Borders appeared first on Leinonen Global.

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